This title diverges from the typical focus of accounts of racism on interpersonal prejudice and discrimination to situate racism within structural processes to demonstrate the systematic nature of racial discrimination. Racial progress, though notable, has largely addressed symptoms of the racialized social system rather than tackling the ways the system is inherently patterned to benefit whites. This book provides evidence that racial discrimination is not an occasional decision made by individuals. It provides a background and history of race in America; a thorough treatment of the problems, controversies, and solutions related to race; a perspectives section with essays from experts in related fields; profiles of important people and organizations; and a section dedicated to data and documents. It explains core concepts and provides context for racism in America before moving into more specific applications by relevant experts and providing directions for further study.