The mapping of the human genome has paved the way for a variety of genetic tests. Expectant mothers can have their fetus screened for genetic abnormalities, and couples worried that they might be carriers for a genetic disorder can be tested before deciding to have children. Women can be screened for the BRCA2 gene that has been linked to increased risk of breast cancer. Individuals curious about their ancestry can find out more about their heritage. Genetic testing can also be used to establish paternity and help solve crimes. This book has 3 parts: Part I explores the history of genetic testing, including the rise of direct-to-consumer tests, and outlines current applications and contexts for genetic testing; Part II delves deep into the ethical, legal, financial, medical, and psychological issues and controversies that surround genetic testing; Part III provides a variety of useful materials, including case studies, a timeline of critical events, and a directory of resources.